Risk Factors Associated with Frequent Alcohol Binge Drinking among Jamaicans: Does Gender Matter?

Abstract

Objective: Alcohol is one of the most commonly consumed substances in Jamaica, despite the many health problems associated with excessive alcohol use. The aim of this study was to identify potential risk factors for alcohol binge drinking among Jamaicans, and determine if there were significant gender differences in the associations between identified risk factors and frequent binge drinking. Methods: Data collected from the 2016 National Household Survey Jamaica were analysed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using SPSS. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with frequent binge drinking. Results: The total number of respondents was 4623. Females were 2,535 (54.8%) compared to males 2088 (45.2%). In bivariate analysis, there was a significant association between age and frequent binge drinking among males (X2 = 11.11, p =0.004), but not among females (X2 = 2.03, p = 0.36). Similarly, there was a significant association between employment and frequent binge drinking for males but not for females (X2= 12.85, p= 0.002; X2= 2.49, p= 0.29 respectively). In multivariate analysis, age 12- 17 years was significantly, inversely associated with frequent binge drinking in the crude logit model but not in the adjusted logit model (crude odds ratio [COR] 0.21, 95%CI= 0.6- 0.66; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.51, 95%CI= 0.12- 2.13 respectively). Employment was significantly, positively associated with frequent binge drinking in the adjusted logit model (employed: AOR= 3.63, 95% CI= 1.05- 12.59) among males. Among females, age showed no significant association with frequent binge drinking. Only having primary/ lower education was significantly, positively associated with frequent binge drinking among females (AOR= 5.17, 95%CI= 1.36- 19.65). Conclusion: Risk factors for frequent binge drinking differed by gender; being employed was a risk factor for males while having primary (or lower) education was a risk factor for females.