Risk Factors Associated with Breast Cancer

Victor Manuel Vargas-Hernandez

doi:10.52916/otr204002

Abstract

Background: It is reported that genetic and hereditary-familial risk factors for breast cancer contribute 5% and the majority are related to the reproductive life of women. Objective: it has the purpose of determining if the factors considered as risk factors are associated with breast cancer in a group of Mexican women. Material and Methods: A retrospective, observational and descriptive study was carried out in 162 women with breast cancer for 3 years (2002-2004) at the Hospital Juárez de México to determine if the usual risk factors are related to breast cancer. The descriptive analysis included localization and dispersion measures, as well as a graphical analysis using bar diagrams. Results: In the sample of 162 women with breast cancer, the age range at the time of breast cancer diagnosis was from 27 to 78 years (mean of 47.60, standard deviation of 13.09); early menarche only appeared in 12.3% (n=20). The mean age of the first pregnancy was 22 years and of menopause at 51 years of age; 72.2% lactated (n=117) and 45.1% did so for more than 6 months (n=73); the menstrual pattern disorder appeared in 22.8% of cases (n=37); Menopausal hormone therapy was previously used in 19.8% (n=32). The hereditary-family history of breast cancer appeared in 14.2% of the cases (n=23). It seems to be correlated with the fact that in patients with nulliparity, alcoholism and the absence of breastfeeding, breast cancer occurs at an early age (< 45 years) and the risk factor that is related to breast cancer is overweight and obesity with 54.26% and 17.11% respectively (average of 28.00, standard deviation of 3.032). Conclusion: no correlation was found between risk factors considered common for breast cancer; only overweight and obesity were related to its development, further research is required to confirm whether this correlation occurs in other countries.

Highlights

In Mexico, breast cancer is the second most common site of cancer in women and most developed and emerging countries [1]
It seems to be correlated with the fact that in patients with nulliparity, alcoholism and the absence of breastfeeding, breast cancer occurs at an early age (
Of age and menopause at 51 years of age; 54% of patients had 3 cases (n=37), oligomenorrhea predominating in 43.3% of cases pregnancies; 72.2% breastfed (n=117) and 45.1% was for more (n=16); Menopausal hormone therapy was previously used in than 6 months (n=73); menstrual disorders occurred in 22.8% of 19.8% (n=32)

Summary

Introduction

In Mexico, breast cancer is the second most common site of cancer in women and most developed and emerging countries [1]. There are geographical differences with high rates of breast cancer in North America, Northern Europe, and Oceania, to a lesser extent in Central and South America, as well as in South and East Europe; low-risk countries are Africa and Asia [3]. It is reported that genetic and hereditary factors constitute less than 5% of cases and only risk factors for breast cancer that are related to the reproductive life of women [4]. This work was carried out to determine if the Risk factors considered classic are associated with breast cancer in our sample of Mexican women studied. It is reported that genetic and hereditary-familial risk factors for breast cancer contribute 5% and the majority are related to the reproductive life of women. Objective: it has the purpose of determining if the factors considered as risk factors are associated with breast cancer in a group of Mexican women

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion