Risk factors and prognosis of acute kidney injury in elderly patients with sepsis

Abstract

Objective To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients with sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Clinical data of 108 elderly patients diagnosed as sepsis admitted in ICU in our hospital, from May 2010 to May 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: the AKI group and the non-AKI group. Clinical characteristics, laboratory and physiologic data were compared between groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for AKI in these patients, and clinical outcome was retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 108 elderly patients, 60 patients developed AKI and the incidence was 55.6%. Baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were lower in the AKI group than in non-AKI group (t=4.536 and 3.28). Prothrombin time (PT) (t=3.053), multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS) (t=2.201), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score (t=3.423), the incidence of septic shock (χ2=5.400) and patients undergoing surgical operation within two weeks (χ2= 5.625) were higher or longer in AKI group than in non-AKI group (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that MAP (OR=0.833), baseline GFR (OR=0.776), MODS (OR=2.039) were independent risk factors for AKI occurrence. Hospital mortality, length of stay in ICU and hospitalization time were higher or longer in AKI group than in non-AKI group (P=0.001, 0.026 and 0.042). Conclusions MAP, baseline GFR and MODS are the independent risk factors for AKI occurrence in elderly adults with sepsis in ICU. Hospital mortality, length of stay in ICU and hospitalization time are increased in sepsis patients combined with AKI. Key words: Sepsis; Acute kidney injury; Risk factors; Prognosis