Risk factors and characteristics of ischemic stroke in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

ObjectivesPrevious research has found that patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) have an increased risk of thrombosis, such as venous thromboembolism (VT), ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA), and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the risk factors for stroke in patients with ITP have yet to be determined. This study aims to determine the risk factors and characteristics of ischemic stroke in patients with ITP. Materials and methodsThis study included adults with incident primary ITP diagnosed in a tertiary medical center between 2010 and 2020. The t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the variables between IS and non-IS groups, and the multivariate logistic regression model was employed to evaluate correlations. ResultsThe study enrolled 1824 individuals, of whom 17 (0.93%) had IS, and 138 (1:8) were randomly chosen from 1807 non-IS patients. Age was found to be substantially associated with stroke in the multivariate analysis (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.026-1.116; p = 0.001). We found no correlation between platelet counts (PLT) (OR 1.013, 95% CI: 0.995-1.033; p = 0.164), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet larger cell ratio (P-LCR), prothrombin time (PT) (OR 1.455, 95% CI 0.979-2.164; p = 0.064), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, fibrinogen or antinuclear antibody (ANA) and stroke. Of 17 ITP-IS patients, 7 (53.8%) were cryptogenic, greater than the general IS population. Three (23.1%) of them had an embolic pattern. ConclusionFor ITP patients, age was a significant predictor of stroke. ITP-IS patients had a more cryptogenic origin, with some showing an embolic pattern.