Risk Factors And Angiographic Profile of Young Adult Less Than 40 Years of Age in Bangladeshi Population

Abstract

Back ground: : Coronary artery disease (CAD) in young adults under the age of 40 is an increasing medical, social, psychological, and economic concern, owing to the rise of civilization-related diseases and an unhealthy lifestyle. The problem of CAD in young people has not been studied as thoroughly as it has in older people, as current data consists primarily of case reports and small series, which are frequently tied to genetic features and family occurrence of the illness. Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for ischemic heart disease and the angiographic pattern of young adults with CAD who presented with chest pain in the ER. Methods : We conducted this observational study at Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from February 1 to June 30, 2024. Patients with chest discomfort aged 21-40 years who underwent coronary angiography were included in the study. Results: This retrospective analytical investigation was carried out from February 1st to June 30th, 2024, with 110 patients enrolled in the department of cardiology at Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute. Patients aged 21 to <40 years were separated into two groups: 21-30 years and more than 30 to <40 years, with a mean age of 34.28±4.25 years. All patients underwent a coronary angiogram, which revealed that 30% had non-flow limiting coronary arteries, 29.1% had single vessel disease, 22.7% had double vessel disease, 17.3% had triple vessel disease, and 0.9% had left main with or without coronary involvement. Patients aged 30 to under 40 had more coronary artery disease than those aged 21 to 30. Conclusion: Young patients have distinct coronary artery disease patterns, hence the therapeutic plan must be tailored to their demographic. In this vulnerable age group, there should be a stronger emphasis on risk factor identification and management.