Risk factors analysis on degenerative scoliosis patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

Abstract

Objective To investigate the risk factors of degenerative scoliosis patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Methods The data of 150 cases of degenerative scoliosis were retrospectively reviewed from October 2007 to October 2015. According to the occurrence of vertebral compressive fractures, the 150 patients were divided into the experiment group(fracture) and control group(non-fracture). Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to assess the back pain, and the bone mineral density were measured in patients by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Cobb angle was measured to evaluate the severity of scoliosis. The occurrence of osteopontin in scoliosis were observed and analyzed. Logistic analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of vertebral compression fractures. Results ①In experiment group, there were T11 vertebral compression fractures in 4 cases, T12 vertebral compression fractures in 13 cases, L1 vertebral compression fractures in 16 cases, and both T12 and L1 vertebral fracture in 5 cases. ②The gender composition of the two groups had no significant difference(χ2=0.253, P=0.615). Compared with the control group, the average age of the experiment group was lower(t=4.392, P<0.01), VAS score was higher(t=14.350, P<0.01), more severe osteoporosis(t=13.296, P<0.01), a higher incidence of osteopontin(χ2=11.824, P=0.001). The Cobb angle of the two groups had no significant difference(t=1.749, P=0.082). After analysis of Logistic regression, trauma history(OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.09-2.11), bone bridge formation(OR=3.46, 95% CI: 2.10-5.38) and bone osteoporosis(OR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.58-4.36) will increase the chances of patients with fractures. Conclusions Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture usually occur in thoraco-lumbar region in patients with degenerative scoliosis, and its risk factor are trauma, history, osteoporosis and bone bridge formation. Key words: Osteoporotic fractures; Vertebral compression frature; Degenerative scoliosis; Risk factors