Risk factors analysis and intervention of blood-borne occupational exposure in medical staff

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of blood-borne occupational exposure among medical staff and explore the relevant intervention measures. Methods: In June 2020, the data of blood-borne occupational exposure and related factors reported by medical staff in a grade Ⅲ, Grade A general hospital from 2011 to 2019 were analyzed by retrospective investigation. Results: Among 431 cases of blood-borne occupational exposure, 69.37% were nurses. It mainly occurred in medical staff with 0-4 years of service, accounting for 63.57%; The main place of occupational exposure was in the ward 47.56%; Sharp instrument injury was the main occupational exposure route 91.65%. Occupational exposure department was mainly surgery department 17.87%; The main source of exposure was hepatitis B virus (HBV) 37.12%, followed by treponema pallidum 20.19%. Statistical analysis results show that: Exposure sites (χ(2)=43.585, P<0.01) , exposure sources (χ(2)=22.693, P<0.01) , treatment methods after exposure (χ(2)=18.866, P<0.01) , Flushing (χ(2)=31.963, P<0.01) and disinfection (χ(2)=14.216, P<0.01) were significantly different. Conclusion: The effective measures to reduce blood-borne occupational exposure are to strengthen occupational protection training of medical staff, standardize operation procedures, strengthen supervision of key groups and departments, improve reporting, monitoring and follow-up systems to realize informatization, and do a good job in risk control.