RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS OF RUSSIA AND THE USA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The factors that form a teenager's health include biological factors (genetic status), the influence of socio-economic and environmental conditions. The state of reproductive health of adolescents can be attributed to the medical and social problem. On the basis of the study of scientific domestic and English-language publications over the past 10 years factors have been identified that form the health of adolescent children in the Russian Federation and the United States of America; the comparative characteristic of the reasons influencing the general level of health and its reproductive component has been given. It is proved that adolescent children who use drugs, tobacco, alcohol, are at risk for the development of deviations in the reproductive system. The knowledge of modern adolescent children on reproductive health is extremely poor, not all adolescents are focused on self-preserving behavior and there is no high-quality system of sex education and monitoring of reproductive health. The low awareness of children of this age group in reproductive health issues, the lack of a sex education system, and the weakening of the family's function in sex education issues lead to the early sexual activity, unwanted pregnancy, childbirth, and infection with sexually transmitted infections. The data presented indicate the need to create a single effective system for the prevention of reproductive diseases, the sex education system of the younger generation, affecting the formation of a holistic personality of a child, his health-saving behavior.