Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to detect the incidence and risk factors of H. Pylori infections in patients with gastritis.
 Study Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Mahagadhimai-5, Province 2 in a rural setting of Nepal from November 2019 to March 2020.
 Methodology: Stool samples were collected from the gastritis patients and were subjected to detection of the H. pylori stool antigen following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer. A questionnaire was completed by the investigators with the cooperation of each participant for the potential risk factors as designed and completed.
 Results: Out of 150 participants, 82 (54.7%) were female and 68 (45.3%) were male participants. Out of 150 participants, 32.7% (49) were positive for H. pylori antigen. No significant association was seen with sex, age group while others did not show significant relation with socio-demography. Association of food habits with H. pylori antigen has significant association with smoking habits with P-value 0.049 OR 0.518 at 95% CI (0.249- 1.080) while others did not show significant relation.
 Conclusions: Nearly one-third of the population was infected with H. pylori in Mahagadhimai-5, Province 2. The socio-demographic profiles, socio-economic factors and lifestyle are worth taking into consideration to prevent diseases associated with H. pylori infection.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylorus is the chief etiologic agent involved in gastric diseases in humans with worldwide distributions [1]
Stool samples were collected from the gastritis patients and were subjected to detection of the H. pylori stool antigen following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer
In 2005, H. pylori were identified as a microbiologic contaminant of water, and its role in gastric diseases was further assessed [2,3,4]
Summary
Helicobacter pylorus is the chief etiologic agent involved in gastric diseases in humans with worldwide distributions [1]. In 2005, H. pylori were identified as a microbiologic contaminant of water, and its role in gastric diseases was further assessed [2,3,4]. Improvements in sanitary conditions and higher human development indices have reduced the prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in developed countries. H. pylori are transmissible; the exact route of transmission is not known [6,7]. H. pylori may be spread orally through fecal matter through the consumption of contaminated water. Many of the reported factors for H. pylori infection included poor hygiene, deficient sanitation, and crowded living conditions [8,9]
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