Abstract
Background: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) can be used for treatment of several infections including respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal tract infections, skin and wound infections, septicaemia, and other infections caused by sensitive organisms. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for acquisition of TMP-SMX-resistant Escherichia coli strains among hospitalized patients in a teaching hospital of Sanandaj, Iran. Materials and Methods: It was a case-control study on a patient, carrying a TMP-SMX-resistant E. coli strain. The control patient carried a TMP-SMX-sensitive E. coli strain. TMP-SMX resistance was determined using disk diffusion methods. Results: Of 343 isolates, 197 (57.43%) were TMP-SMX-resistant. Using ventilator and catheter were risky for acquisition of TMP-SMX-resistant isolate (odds ratio (OR) = 3.037, 95% CI = 1.60-5.75, P < 0.000; OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.15-7.43, P < 0.013, respectively). There was significant correlation between days of staying in ward and TMP-SMX resistance (P < 0.003). Conclusions: The main risk factors associated with TMP-SMX resistance were using of ventilator and catheter and days of staying in ward. There is need for more studies to evaluate the role of the factors to control the spread of drug resistance.
Highlights
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) can be used for treatment of several infections including respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal tract infections, skin and wound infections, septicaemia, and other infections caused by sensitive organisms
Antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains are big problems for physicians, as they usually rely on empiric treatments
Based on our search in database sites, this was the first analysis of risk factors for acquisition of TMP-SMXresistant E. coli strains in our state
Summary
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) can be used for treatment of several infections including respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal tract infections, skin and wound infections, septicaemia, and other infections caused by sensitive organisms. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for acquisition of TMP-SMX-resistant Escherichia coli strains among hospitalized patients in a teaching hospital of Sanandaj, Iran. Materials and Methods: It was a case-control study on a patient, carrying a TMP-SMX-resistant E. coli strain. Conclusions: The main risk factors associated with TMP-SMX resistance were using of ventilator and catheter and days of staying in ward. Many centers have reported resistant of E. coli isolates to many antibiotics such as ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), the first-line treatments for urinary tract infections [2]. TMP-SMX is a prevalent antibiotic used for prophylaxis and treatment of infections This widespread use is associated with increasing resistance rates to it. Several risk factors are associated with antibiotic resistance, including antimicrobial usage, previous hospitalization, severity of illness, surgery, and immunosuppression [7,8,9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
