Abstract
We conducted a systematic literature review to obtain risk population–based fungal disease incidence or prevalence data from China. Data were categorized by risk factors and extrapolated by using most recent demographic figures. A total of 71,316,101 cases (5.0% of the population) were attributed to 12 risk factors and 17 fungal diseases. Excluding recurrent Candida vaginitis (4,057/100,000 women) and onychomycosis (2,600/100,000 persons), aspergillosis (317/100,000 persons) was the most common problem; prevalence exceeded that in most other countries. Cryptococcal meningitis, an opportunistic infection, occurs in immunocompetent persons almost twice as often as AIDS. The pattern of fungal infections also varies geographically; Talaromyces marneffei is distributed mainly in the Pearl River Basin, and the Yangtze River bears the greatest histoplasmosis burden. New host populations, new endemic patterns, and high fungal burdens in China, which caused a huge impact on public health, underscore the urgent need for building diagnostic and therapeutic capacity.
Highlights
We conducted a systematic literature review to obtain risk population–based fungal disease incidence or prevalence data from China
One of the major causes of avoidable blindness, has been relatively neglected (2). Old pathogens such as Histoplasma and Talaromyces marneffei have expanded (3,4); new hosts contributing to new therapies for malignant and autoimmune disease have increased (5,6); and new patterns, including aspergillosis in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are emerging (7,8)
If no epidemiological data existed for a particular fungal disease, we estimated the burden based on fungal infection incidence or prevalence and the specific populations at risk (Figure 1; Appendix Table 1, https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/26/9/20-0016App1.pdf)
Summary
We conducted a systematic literature review to obtain risk population–based fungal disease incidence or prevalence data from China. A total of 71,316,101 cases (5.0% of the population) were attributed to 12 risk factors and 17 fungal diseases. New endemic patterns, and high fungal burdens in China, which caused a huge impact on public health, underscore the urgent need for building diagnostic and therapeutic capacity. As in most other countries, fungal infections are not reportable in China, and the incidence and prevalence are difficult to calculate because of the lack of population-based surveillance data and few high quality epidemiology studies. Chifungi.cn) was established on May 18, 2019, but no data have been released yet Even with this dearth of data, we have attempted to estimate the burden of fungal disease in China
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