Risk Assessment Of The Risk For Distribution Of Echinococcosis In Humans And Animals In Bulgaria

Abstract

Hydatic (cysts) Echinococcosis is a cosmopolitan widespread parasitic disease in domestic and wild animals caused by Echinococcus unilocularis-larvae of the tapeworm (taenia) Echinococcus granulosus-parasiting in small intestines of dogs, wolfs, jackals, coyotes, and other carnivorous animals. In foxes and cats, the tapeworm does not reach a stage at which oncospheres are released into the environment. The hydatic form of Echinococcosis (hydatidosis, echinococcosis) is the worst in man helmint zoonosis that still has important medical and socio-economic importance in the country and in the world. Compared to other zoonoses, the Echinococcosis most often leads to prolonged disability, frequent recurrences, not infrequently leading to permanent disability and high mortality. In Europe, there is one more type of the Echinococcosis tapeworm -Echinococcus multilocularis with its larvae form – Аlveococcus multilocularis. The disease is a problem in some EU countries such as Switzerland, Germany, France and to a certain extent in Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, etc. Main role for the distribution of the Аlveococcosis in these countries play foxes.