Abstract
Although several epidemiological studies suggest a weak association between the exposure to extremely low-frequency (ELF) fields and an increase in various kinds of cancer, a final risk assessment of long-term continuous exposure to ELF fields is so far not possible. It has not been proven definitely, that the electric and especially magnetic ELF fields occurring at working places or in every-day life are mutagenic or carcinogenic. The main critical points are those concerning statistical evaluation, insufficient determination of the field strength during exposure, dose-effect relationships, inadequate demarcation of concomitant factors, and — as one of the most important points — the absence of known interaction mechanisms. Final clarification of the question of possible late effects requires further elucidation. The non-stochastic ELF field effects, therefore, are of major importance when deriving standards are given priority.1
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