Abstract
BackgroundChanging water quality was prevalent in the current water supply. The fluctuation of iron stability due to changing water quality followed four characteristics: objectivity, relativity, predictability, and controllability. Therefore, it was necessary to study the stability of iron in the pipe network by integrating different water quality factors.ResultsThe iron stability risk evaluation system was established according to the different water quality factors in the drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). Meanwhile, an improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was established to evaluate the risk of iron. Chloride, sulfate, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and pH were selected as the risk assessment index. The divisions of different evaluation levels were carried out through the values of water quality factor. On the basis of expert scoring, the weight and membership degree of water quality factors were analyzed by structural entropy method. In addition, risk analysis was established by using the optimized risk assessment system. According to the results of the comprehensive evaluation, DOM and pH were identified as two of the most important factors in the evaluation of the iron stability. In addition, compared with the traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the optimized method had a higher degree of fit which could more clearly prove the relationship between the risk value and the iron concentration.ConclusionThe uncertainty between the factors was eliminated by establishment of the fuzzy evaluation method combined with the different effects of water factors on iron stability. The method could be used as a comprehensive evaluation and be beneficial to the analysis of iron risk in water supply network.
Highlights
Changing water quality was prevalent in the current water supply
Four kinds of water factors about the steady water in the drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) were considered according to Swietlik et al [23], which is used to explain the effects of water quality factors and iron stability
Different water quality factors had different effects on the stability of iron, the comprehensive evaluation of water quality could be evaluated by the risk assessment under the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which would be beneficial to the analysis of iron risk in water supply network
Summary
The fluctuation of iron stability due to changing water quality followed four characteristics: objectivity, relativity, predictability, and controllability. It was necessary to study the stability of iron in the pipe network by integrating different water quality factors. Iron was often found in the water supply pipe network which could cause unpleasant metallic taste, water fouling and rusty color [1]. The fluctuation of iron stability produced by changing water quality followed the four characteristics: objectivity, relativity, predictability, and controllability. Relativity was mainly due to the lag of the water quality information and the degree of accurate grasp on the mechanism of iron stability. Predictability meant the changes of iron stability could be predicted by the study of water quality in the pipe network. Controllability could be considered as the controlling of iron risk
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