Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives:to evaluate and classify patients according to the Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries; verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the risk score; and identify the occurrence of pressure injuries due to surgical positioning. Method:observational, longitudinal, prospective and quantitative study carried out in a teaching hospital with 278 patients submitted to elective surgeries. A sociodemographic and clinical characterization questionnaire and the Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries were used. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were applied. Results:the majority of patients (56.5%) presented a high risk for perioperative pressure injury. Female sex, elderly group, and altered body mass index values were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for a higher risk of pressure injuries. In 77% of the patients, there were perioperative pressure injuries. Conclusion:most of the participants presented a high risk for development of perioperative decubitus ulcers. The female sex, elderly group, and altered body mass index were significant factors for increased risk. The Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries allows the early identification of risk of injury, subsidizing the adoption of preventive strategies to ensure the quality of perioperative care.
Highlights
Despite technological advances, pressure injuries (PI) caused by surgical positioning still represent a challenge for clinical practice(1)
International researchers investigated the incidence of perioperative PI derived from surgical positioning and found the following rates: 12.2% in Portugal(4), 12.7% in Italy(5) and 13% in the United States of America (USA)(6)
Between February and May 2017, a total of 869 patients were submitted to elective surgical interventions at the hospital under investigation
Summary
Pressure injuries (PI) caused by surgical positioning still represent a challenge for clinical practice(1). Because they are considered complications and have a multifactorial etiology, it is difficult to assess the risk of their occurrence in surgical patients(2), which often compromises the adoption of adequate protective measures for this clientele. Various incidence rates of perioperative PI are described in the literature. International researchers investigated the incidence of perioperative PI derived from surgical positioning and found the following rates: 12.2% in Portugal(4), 12.7% in Italy(5) and 13% in the United States of America (USA)(6). Surveys in Brazil reported the occurrence of perioperative PI in comparison with other countries: 25% in Paraná(7), 74% in the Triângulo Mineiro(1), and 10.1% in São Paulo city(8)
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