Risk Assessment and Hepatotoxicity of Acute Exposure to Chlorview (chlorpyrifos 40% E.C.) Via Oral and Inhalation Routes Using Animal Model

Abstract

Aims: This research aimed to determine the Hepatotoxicity via oral and inhalation routes using animal model and its Risk assessment when exposed to Chlorview pesticide (Chlorpyrifos 40% E.C.).
 Study Design: The animals were divided into two groups for oral and inhalation routes of exposure. They were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each for oral and 4 groups of 4 animals each for inhalation.
 Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry Laboratory University of Nigeria Nsukka.
 Methodology: The hepatotoxicity and risk assessment studies were carried out using a colorimetric assay and standard methods respectively.
 Results: Oral exposure to Chlorview led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of AST, ALT, and ALP when compared to the control. The risk assessment studies showed oral subchronic toxicity at the dose of 15.5 mg/kg b.w when exposed to Chlorview with a bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of 2.50. The oral exposure recorded a hazard quotient (HQ) of 3.4 and a risk quotient (RQ) of 0.1, a risk presumption of acute restricted use. There was no accumulation of the pesticide or its derivative via the inhalation route rather a macroscopic deposition of fat on the liver identified as cholesterol was seen.
 Conclusion: This research suggests that exposure to Chlorview pesticide through oral and inhalation routes can pose a reasonable risk to human health.