Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in Campylobacter species antimicrobial resis-tance, and epidemiological characteristics of campylobacte-riosis in Split-Dalmatia County (SDC), Croatia, in 2021 com-pared to the period 2010-2012. Methods: The data for this study were obtained from the database of the Teaching Public Health Institute of Split and Dalmatia County (TPHI SDC) Split, and they included all outpatients who have been diagnosed with Campylobacterspp. in their stool samples from January to December 2021. The study analyzed the frequency of infections caused by Campylobacter spp., their distribution according to age, gen-der, place of residence, and month of the year, as well as the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolates. Results: The total number of Campylobacter spp. stool isolates was 395, with the most common isolate being Campylobacter jejuni (365, 92.4%). Campylobacter jejuni isolates had high resistance to ciprofloxacin (74.8%), moderate resistance to tetracycline (21.2%) and co-resistance to tetracycline-ci-profloxacin (19.3%). The resistance rate to azithromycin was low (1.1%). Although Campylobacter jejuni isolates also showed low resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate (5.3%), all Campylobacter jejuni strains resistant to amoxicillin-clavula-nate were also multidrug-resistant to two or more tested an-tibiotics: ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (100%), tetracycline (15.8%), and azithromycin (5.3%). Epidemiological charac-teristics of campylobacteriosis in SDC in 2021 were similar to those from previous research in the same area.Conclusions: The study revealed an increase in ciprofloxa-cin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni isolates in 2021, compared with findings from 2010 and 2012. However, the percent-age of tetracycline-resistant and tetracycline-ciprofloxacin co-resistant isolates remained stable. Based on these results, azithromycin remains the drug of choice, but it is also pos-sible to treat this infection with amoxicillin-clavulanate be-cause of its low resistance rate
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