Riscos e consequências do uso da técnica transportal na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior: relação entre o túnel femoral, a artéria genicular lateral superior e o epicôndilo lateral do côndilo femoral

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Define a security zone to avoid possibles vascular and ligamentar complications during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS: Arthroscopic reconstruction using the transtibial and transportal technique in cadaver knees was performed followed by dissection and measurement of the distance between the femoral tunnel and the proximal attachment of the lateral collateral ligament and the femoral tunnel and the lateral superior genicular artery. RESULTS: The measure of the analysed distances show us an aproximation between the major branch of the lateral superior genicular artery and the femoral insertion of the colateral lateral ligament and the femoral tunnel during the transportal technique. CONCLUSION: We realize that the use of technical ship it to arthroscopic ACL reconstruction has a higher probability of injury to the lateral geniculate artery and insertion of the lateral collateral ligament, promoting post-surgical complications such as instability of the knee, osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle and ligamentizacao graft.