Riscos dos efeitos teratogênicos da isotretinoína e suas propriedades farmacológicas em mulheres sexualmente ativas

Abstract

Introduction: Isotretinoin, also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid, belongs to the group of compounds derived from vitamin A. Objective: This work aims at women with active sexual life and during pregnancy, the teratogenic effects of the drug, as well as how to describe your clinical indication. Methodology: This is a systematic review of the literature, of scientific articles, in the databases indexed in the SciELO, Google Scholar, Birene, VHL and PubMED data portal, between 2000 and 2020. Results: Isotretinoin can be used in various dermatoses. The main adverse reactions include: dryness of the mucous membranes and skin. Teratogenicity being the main adverse effect, causing craniofacial anomalies, cardiovascular defects, cleft palate, ocular, auricular, skeletal and CNS anomalies. The acne treatment protocol with the use of isotretinoin determines some restrictions; in women of childbearing age, requires that they undergo two pregnancy tests, both of which must be negative. This drug is subject to special control provided for in Ordinance 344/1998. Conclusion: Thus, isotretinoin requires greater care in women who are sexually active, due to its high teratogenicity, in which case it is necessary to advise them on the use of contraceptives during treatment with isotretinoin.