Abstract
Backgound and Objectives: Health professionals, especially nurses, are constantly at risk for occupational accidents through exposure to different agents that can be carried in blood, secretions, skin appendages, among others. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the scientific literature regarding situations that favor the occurrence of occupational accidents. Methods: a retrospective, qualitative review study was performed by searching the database of the Virtual Health Library, from March to April 2014. A total of 15 articles were identified on the proposed subject, published between January 2008 and December 2013. Results: Among the variables that influenced the occurrence of these accidents the following were the most important ones: stress, rushing, carelessness, failure to use personal protective equipment (PPE) and the evening shift. Accident prevention is one of the main premises to be met in risky activities, especially in healthcare, in which many accidents are caused by human error probably originated from a poor education system and lack of knowledge on prevention methods and protection. Nursing professionals are exposed to risk in all areas of the institutions where there is direct contact with patients and their biological waste. Conclusion: It is necessary to implement a new paradigm of biosecurity education, aiming to develop technical, theoretical and ethical professional skills, to ensure that teams provide adequate and safe assistance. KEYWORDS: Occupational Risks; Biological Agents; Nursing.
Highlights
Aparecido da Silva Amaro Júnior,[1] Jeniffer Michelline de Oliveira Custódio,[1] Vânia Paula Stolte Rodrigues,[1] Janaina Michelle Oliveira do Nascimento.1 1Faculdade Unigran Capital, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
Backgound and Objectives: Health professionals, especially nurses, are constantly at risk for occupational accidents through exposure to different agents that can be carried in blood, secretions, skin appendages, among others
The present study aimed to describe the scientific literature regarding situations that favor the occurrence of occupational accidents
Summary
Risco biológico no contexto da prática de enfermagem: uma análise de situações favorecedoras. Justificativa e Objetivos: Os profissionais da área da saúde, sobretudo, os enfermeiros, estão constantemente sob o risco de sofrer acidentes ocupacionais por meio da exposição aos diferentes agentes que podem ser veiculados pelo sangue, secreções, anexos cutâneos, entre outros. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever com base na literatura científica as situações favorecedoras para a ocorrência desses acidentes ocupacionais. A prevenção de acidentes é uma das principais premissas a serem atendidas em atividades de risco, principalmente na área da saúde, na qual muitos acidentes são causados por falha humana, provavelmente originada de um sistema de educação deficiente e da falta de conhecimento dos métodos de prevenção e proteção. Conclusão: É necessário que um novo paradigma de educação em biossegurança seja implementado, no sentido de desenvolver competências técnicas, teóricas e éticas dos profissionais, de modo a garantir equipes que desenvolvam uma assistência adequada e segura
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