RIS-Assisted Joint Transmission in a Two-Cell Downlink NOMA Cellular System

Abstract

This paper investigates the integration of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with downlink non-orthogonal-multiple-access (NOMA) in a multi-user two-cell network assisted by the joint-transmission coordinated multipoint (JT-CoMP). Specifically, the RIS is deployed at the edge of two adjacent cells to assist the JT-CoMP from these two cells to multiple far NOMA users located at their edges. Under this setup, we jointly optimize the power allocation (PA) coefficients at the base stations (BSs), the user clustering (UC) policy, and the phase-shift (PS) matrix of the RIS with the objective of maximizing the network sum-rate subject to a target quality-of-service, defined in terms of the minimum required data rate at each cellular user, and the successive interference cancellation (SIC) constraints. The formulated problem ends to be a non-convex mixed-integer non-linear program that is difficult to be solved in a straightforward manner. To alleviate this issue, and with the aid of alternating optimization (AO), the original optimization problem is decomposed into two sub-problems, a joint PA and UC sub-problem and a PS sub-problem, that are solved in an alternating way. For the first sub-problem, we invoke the bi-level optimization approach to decouple the PA sub-problem from the UC sub-problem. For the PA sub-problem, closed-form expressions for the optimal PA coefficients are derived. On the other hand, the UC problem is projected to multiple 2-dimensional assignment problems, each of which is solved using the Hungarian method. Finally, the PS sub-problem is formulated as a difference-of-convex problem and an efficient solution is obtained using the successive convex approximation technique. The numerical results reveal that the network sum-rate of the proposed RIS-assisted CoMP NOMA networks outperforms the conventional CoMP NOMA scheme without the assistance of the RIS, the RIS-assisted CoMP orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme, and RIS-assisted NOMA scheme, especially for low transmit power from the BSs.