Rinsing postprocessing procedure of a 3D-printed orthodontic appliance material: Impact of alternative post-rinsing solutions on the roughness, flexural strength and cytotoxicity

Abstract

ObjectiveThe present study evaluated the effect of different rinsing postprocessing solutions on surface characteristics, flexural strength, and cytotoxicity of an additive manufactured polymer for orthodontic appliances. These solutions have been deemed an alternative to the standard isopropanol which is a flammable liquid, known to have toxic effects. MethodsTested specimens were manufactured using direct light processing of an orthodontic appliance polymer (FREEPRINT® splint 2.0, Detax) and post-processed with different post-rinsing solutions, including isopropanol (IPA), ethanol (EtOH), EASY 3D Cleaner (EYC), Yellow Magic7 (YM7), and RESINAWAY (RAY), respectively. All groups were post-cured following the manufacturer’s instructions. Surface topography and roughness (Ra and Rv) were evaluated. In addition, flexural strength was measured by a three-point bending test. An extract test was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity. The data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparisons test (p < 0.05). ResultsVarious post-rinsing solutions did not significantly affect the roughness values (Ra and Rv). Specimens post-processed with EtOH (98.1 ± 12.4 MPa) and EYC (101.1 ± 6.3 MPa) exhibited significantly lower flexural strength compared to the groups of IPA (110.7 ± 5.3 MPa), RAY (112.1 ± 5.6 MPa) and YM7 (117.3 ± 5.9 MPa), respectively. Finally, there were no cytotoxic effects of parts cleaned with different post-rinsing solutions. SignificanceConsidering the use of 3D-printed orthodontic appliance materials, different rinsing postprocessing procedures did not affect surface characteristics. However, the flexural strength was significantly influenced, which could be attributed to the chemical ingredients of the post-rinsing solutions. Various post-rinsing treatments had no alternation concerning cytocompatibility.