Ring expansion-controlled radical polymerization: Synthesis of cyclic polymers and ring component quantification based on SEC–MALS analysis

Abstract

We report a ring expansion vinyl polymerization producing cyclic polymers using a tetra(oxyethylene) (TOE)-tethered cyclic initiator for the nitroxide-mediated controlled radical polymerization (NMP). Styrene (St) was polymerized with the cyclic NMP initiator 1 in the bulk to produce polymer 2. Structural analyses of 2 were performed by a size exclusion chromatograph equipped with a multiangle laser light scattering (SEC–MALS) detector, focusing on the relationships between the z-averaged root-mean-square radii of gyration (〈S2〉z1/2) versus the molecular weights. The results proved that 2 would consist of ring components as a result of the ring expansion polymerizations and radical ring crossover reactions together with ring-opened linear components, in which the amount of ring components increased with the increasing molecular weights. The data also enabled the quantification that approximately 13–40wt% of the final polymer 2 could be identified as the ring species in the Mw range of 1×105–5×105gmol−1.