Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling in Patients With HF Secondary MR: Analysis From the COAPT Trial.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic impact of right ventricular (RV)-pulmonary arterial (PA) coupling in patients with heart failure (HF) with severe secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) enrolled in the COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for HeartFailure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation) trial. RV contractile function and PA pressures influence outcomes in patients with SMR, but the impact of RV-PA coupling in patients randomized to transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) vs guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is unknown. RV-PA coupling was assessed by the ratio of RV free wall longitudinal strain derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography and noninvasively measured RV systolic pressure. Advanced RV-PA uncoupling was defined as RV free wall longitudinal strain/RV systolic pressure≤0.5%/mmHg. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization at 24-month follow-up. A total of 372 patients underwent speckle-tracking echocardiography, and 70.2% had advanced RV-PA uncoupling. By multivariable analysis, advanced RV-PA uncoupling was strongly associated with an increased risk for the primary 24-month endpoint of death or HF hospitalization (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.31-2.66; P=0.0005). A similar association was present for all-cause mortality alone (HR: 2.57; 95%CI: 1.54-4.29; P=0.0003). The impact of RV-PA uncoupling was consistent in patients randomized to TEER and GDMT alone. Compared with GDMT alone, the addition of TEER improved 2-year outcomes in patients with (48.0% vs 74.8%; HR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.37-0.71) and those without (28.8% vs 47.8%; HR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.27-0.97) advanced RV-PA uncoupling (Pinteraction=0.98). In the COAPT trial, advanced RV dysfunction assessed by RV-PA uncoupling was a powerful predictor of 2-year adverse outcomes in patients with HF and SMR. (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for HeartFailure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation [The COAPT Trial]; NCT01626079).