Right Ventricular Free Wall Strain RVFWS as a Predictor of Outcome in Heart Transplantation Patients with COVID19 Disease

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of study was to echocardiographicly evaluate right ventricular function as a predictor of outcome in COVID 19 patients (pts) who underwent heart transplantation using RV strain and speckle tracking.Methods15 pts (mean age 47, 12 male 3 female) underwent heart transplantation from October 2020 to May 2021. All pts underwent transthoracic echocardiography for the evaluation of RV free wall longitudinal peak systolic strain RVFWSL, TAPSE, RVd1, RVd2, RVd3, FAC, TRVmax, IVC diam and S’.ResultsAll pts were PCR positive for SARSCoV2 and had cough, fever and malaise indicative of COVD19, therefore were also radiological signs of COVID19 pneumonia. Also HS troponin, procalcitonin and CRP were elevated. They were treated with antiviral drugs and immune - based therapy including corticosteroids and convalescent plasma, and received standard triple regimen of calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus), antimetabolite (Mycophenolan Mofetil).All echocardiographic measurements were obtained from apical 4-chamber RV with focusing on the lateral wall. RvV free wall longitudinal peak systolic strain (RVFWSL) were significantly reduced during infection compared to post infection time (-15% vs -20) and RV four-chamber strain (RV4CSL) (-11,3% vs 21%). The RV function correlated with recovery time among heart transplant patients which was longer and also correlates significantly with acute cellular rejection in myocardial biopsy (10 patients -66,6% had 2R by ISHLT) . In comparison to 2D measurement (RV diameter 28+/- 35, TAPSE 17+/-22, FAC 34+/-45) we did not observe significant difference during infection and post infection time.ConclusionThe study confirms that RV4CSL and RVFWSL are independent predictors of outcome in COVID 19 patients who undergo Heart transplantation.