Abstract

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes large outbreaks of acute febrile and often fatal illness among humans and domesticated animals in sub-saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. The RVFV is of the genus Phlebovirus, within the family Bunyaviridae. Like all members of this large family, it contains a three-segmented RNA genome of negative/ ambisense polarity, packaged into viral nucleocapsid protein, and finally surrounded by a lipid bilayer containing two viral glycoproteins. RVFV epidemiology, molecular biology, and virulence mechanisms have raised considerable interest over the past years. In the present article, we provide an overview of the basic features of this significant pathogen, and of the latest developments in this highly active research field.

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