Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant protection using dual biological control and plant growth-promoting agents: Current scenarios and future prospects

Abstract

Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) plant growth and development are increasingly intimidating because of several pathogens attack. Various microorganisms live in different parts of a plant, which cause harm, neutrality, or benefits to plant health. Some inhabitants of plants can control plant diseases by contesting, predating, or antagonizing them with plant pathogens and by inducing systems for plant defence. A range of methods of action is used in crops where biological control agents (BCAs) as plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are used for the biological management and control of plant pathogens. Some of the BCAs interact with plants through the inducement of resistance or priming without direct interaction. Other BCAs operate through competition for nutrients or other mechanisms to modulate the pathogen's growth conditions. These PGPMs can be applied alone or together with other chemicals or carriers to control various crop diseases. This review highlights the effective names of BCAs-PGPM and their application, role, carrier based-formulation, and responses to rice pathogens. However, future plant disease management prospects are bright and promising and grower's demand for BCAs-PGPM products can be utilized as an effective approach to the management of plant diseases, increase yield, environmental protection, biological resources, and a sustainable agricultural system.