Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of different water stress levels on the development of both rice and barnyardgrass. The study was established into greenhouse, in completely randomized design, in factorial scheme 2 × 5, with four replications. Factor “A” comprised the plant species (rice cv. BRS Querência, or the weed Echinochloa crusgalli), and factor “B” comprised the water stress levels: (T1) continuous flood (CF); (T2) 0 kPa (saturated soil); (T3) 10 kPa; (T4) 40 kPa; and (T5) 100 kPa. Plant emergence was assessed every day; plant length was measured 30 days after planting. At the end of the experiment, the number of leaves per plant, root length and shoot and root dry mass were determined. Our data supply evidence that under moderate water stress, up to approximately 40 kPa, rice tends to perform better than barnyardgrass in the initial stage of crop growth, when under equivalent plant density. However, barnyardgrass is usually present in much higher plant density than crop plants in fields traditionally cropped with rice. Thus, efficient control of barnyardgrass should be accomplished to avoid damage to rice crop by competition for environmental resources.
Highlights
In Southern Brazil, rice cultivation stands out among the main agricultural activities, and this region is responsible for most of the national rice production
Our data supply evidence that under moderate water stress, up to approximately 40 kPa, rice tends to perform better than barnyardgrass in the initial stage of crop growth, when under equivalent plant density
The emergence curves (Figure 1) shown that the establishment of both species was minimal when seeds were subjected to continuous flood (CF), with only barnyardgrass being able to emerge under a continuous water layer, with approximately 8% emergence
Summary
In Southern Brazil, rice cultivation stands out among the main agricultural activities, and this region is responsible for most of the national rice production. BRS Querência, or the weed Echinochloa crusgalli), and factor “B” comprised the water stress levels: (T1) continuous flood (CF); (T2) 0 kPa (saturated soil); (T3) 10 kPa; (T4) 40 kPa; and (T5) 100 kPa. Plant emergence was assessed every day; plant length was measured 30 days after planting.
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