Rhythms of time and place

Abstract

This research investigates the density and distribution of quartz deposited over an area measuring 70,000 m 2 at Kurukop in the Nama Karoo, South Africa. Relationships between quartz artefacts, engraved depictions, water features and rock abrasions in archaeological sites has been hypothesised. However, despite other comparable engraved sites in the region, Kurukop comprises an unusual number of quartz artefacts and intra-site associations. To investigate possible relationships between features I used a combination of techniques. These include, first, mapping the engravings, water features and rock rubbings during a ground survey and by means of drone imaging. Second, obtaining quartz samples from two squares (SA1, SA2), counting and weighing them. Last, intercalating these data with measurements provided by the aerial map and ground survey. A number of trends can be observed indicating that the remains of previous activities probably influenced subsequent decisions, thereby determining spatial organisation of the site and markings. Moreover, I applied a rhythm analysis to the ethnoarchaeological dimensions of the study to consider the production of space in terms of permanence, returns and abandonment (temporality). The conclusion I draw is that the presence and absence of water appears to have influenced the way in which hunter-gatherers, and later herders, chose to interact with and mark the site.