Abstract
Damping-off occurred in 90 % of the spring oilseed rape fields surveyed in 1981—1982. On the average, 10 % of the plants were infected with damping-off.6 % of the fields were severely infected (> 30 % of the plants affected) by damping-off and 38 % were uninfected or only slightly infected ( ≤ 5% of the plants affected). The incidence of damping-off was higher in those fields which had been under oilseed rape in earlier years. Ina crop rotation experiment, the amount of damping-off increased from 2 % to 20 %, and finally to 38 %, depending upon whether turnip rape had been grown on the same part of the field once, twice or three times. Crops other than Cruciferous ones were grown for 1 or 3 years between the turnip rape crops. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn was isolated from 76 % of the affected plants. The R. solani isolates produced severe damping-off on rape and turnip rape in pathogenicity tests. R. solani isolates from barley, potato and lettuce brought about only mild cases of damping-off, or else only a decrease in the growth of the plants. Fusarium avenaceum Sacc. was the only other isolated fungus which was pathogenic.
Highlights
The cultivation of spring turnip rape (Brassica campestris L. ssp. oleifera) and spring rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) increased sharply in Finland during the 1970’5
The yields of spring oilseed rape have remained stable under the varying growing conditions in Finland and oilseed rape has been considered to be extremely suitable as a break crop in cereal monoculture (Köylijärvi 1982)
In a long-term crop rotation experiment carried out by the Department of Plant Pathology, the University of Helsinki, damping-off started to increase strongly on turnip rape after the crop had been grown on the same area twice or three times
Summary
The cultivation of spring turnip rape (Brassica campestris L. ssp. oleifera) and spring rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) increased sharply in Finland during the 1970’5. Oleifera) increased sharply in Finland during the 1970’5. The area under these crops at the beginning of the 1980’s has been around. In a long-term crop rotation experiment carried out by the Department of Plant Pathology, the University of Helsinki, damping-off started to increase strongly on turnip rape after the crop had been grown on the same area twice or three times. This led to the decision to determine whether the damping-off situation was the same with commercial crops of turnip rape and rape
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