Abstract

General Considerations The global prevalence of ARF has been estimated to be approximately 15.6 million cases, with 282,000 new cases per year. Presently, the annual incidence of ARF among children aged 5 to 14 years is highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Historically, ARF is most frequent among 5 to 15 year-olds, and is extremely rare in children less than 3 years of age. The latent period between GAS infection and symptoms of ARF (excluding chorea) is approximately 3 weeks.

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