Abstract
Rh or Kell incompatibility occurs when an antigen-negative woman is exposed to antigen-positive blood cells during pregnancy or transfusion. After the initial exposure, antibodies persist and cross the placenta into fetal circulation in subsequent pregnancies, causing destruction of antigen-positive fetal red blood cells1, or suppressing the production of fetal red blood cells.2 Complications can include miscarriage, stillbirth, fetal or neonatal anemia, or hyperbilirubinemia.1,2 If the male partner is heterozygous, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for monogenic conditions (PGT-M) is an option to identify embryos that are Rh or Kell-negative, preventing incompatibility and associated complications.
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