Rheology of peristaltic flow in couple stress fluid in an inclined tube: Heat and mass transfer analysis

Abstract

The recent investigations ensure that the effect of an endoscope on the peristaltic flow is very important for medical diagnosis and it has many clinical applications such as gastric juice motion in the small intestine when an endoscope is inserted through it. Therefore, we have studied the problem of peristaltic flow with heat and mass transfer through the gap between coaxial inclined tubes where the inner tube is rigid and the outer tube has sinusoidal wave traveling down its wall. The inner tube fulfilled the slip condition while the outer tube has a no-slip condition. The lubrication approximation theory is utilized to simplify the normalized equations. The perturbation procedure is employed to concede the results for the pressure gradient and velocity field, whereas exact outcomes are established for the energy and concentration fields. Frictional forces and pressure rise per wavelength are calculated numerically. The impacts of embedded parameters are portrayed through graphs. It is found that fluid velocity reduces by increasing the couple stress parameter however the inverse effect is noted for the slip parameter. Furthermore, better pumping is viewed in the vertical tube as compared to the horizontal tube. A validity of perturbation solutions for velocity distribution is made with the finite element method and an admirable comparison is also noticed with previously published results.