Rheological, textural and sensory properties of gluten-free bread formulations based on rice and buckwheat flour

Abstract

Mixolab, as the rheological instrument, was utilized to create gluten-free products. According to obtained Mixolab profiles, mixtures of rice flour and husked buckwheat and rice flour and unhusked buckwheat flour expressed rheological properties similar to wheat flour. In both types of mixtures the ratio of rice flour to buckwheat flour was 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30. According to the Mixolab profiles of the investigated systems, gluten-free products containing unhusked buckwheat flour had higher water absorption values, lower stability and weaker protein network structure, as well as lower peak viscosity than those consisted of husked buckwheat flour. Increasing the amount of husked buckwheat flour from 10% to 20% resulted in both G ′ and yield stress value increase, but further increase of the husked buckwheat flour on 30% resulted in both G ′ and yield stress value decrease. However, increasing the amount of unhusked buckwheat flour from 10% to 20% resulted in significant decrease of G ′ and yield stress value having no significant impact with the addition of 30% of unhusked buckwheat flour. Hardness, expressed as a work of compression of the final product, increased with the amount of both types of buckwheat flour. Samples containing UBF expressed not significantly higher values of hardness than those prepared with HBF. According to obtained results of sensory evaluation of the final products it can be concluded that all six combinations of tested gluten-free breads were sensory acceptable. The creation of gluten-free product is very demanding task since it is very difficult to imitate unique rheological properties of wheat dough. The aim of this work was not only to create gluten-free bread but also to develop nutritional valuable gluten-free product with acceptable rheological, textural and sensory properties.