Abstract
The rheological properties of 0.5 wt.% aqueous solution of hydrophobically alkali-soluble emulsions (HASE) at around pH 9 in the presence of cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants were examined. The results revealed that the presence of surfactant below a critical concentration c* (around cmc of surfactant) strengthened the associating network through the formation of mixed polymer hydrophobic group/surfactant aggregates. The increased strength was due to an increase in the number of mechanically active inter-molecular hydrophobic junctions and lifetime of the average junctions. Above c*, the results showed that the presence of cationic or anionic surfactant disrupted and weakened the associating network caused by a decrease in number of these junctions and strength of the overall network structure. At the same time, free cations of surfactant molecules screened the carboxyl-anion charges on the polymer backbone, which decreased the electrostatic repulsion between polymer chains. In the presence of non-ionic surfactant, the results showed a further reinforcement of associating network attributed to the formation of bilayers, which were stabilized as large vesicles.
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