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Abstract
The rheological behavior of amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (amino-CNTs)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) concentrated solutions in the dimethyl sulphoxide solvent and the effects of the amino-CNTs on the PAN precursor fibers by wet-spinning method were investigated. The amino-CNT/PAN concentrated solutions prepared by in situ solution polymerization with homogeneous dispersion of amino-CNTs have higher complex viscosity, storage modulus and loss modulus as compared to the control PAN concentrated solutions containing 22% PAN polymer by mass. The composite fibers with amino-CNTs of 1 wt % have lower degree of crystallization, crystal size and crystal region orientation compared to the control PAN precursor fibers. However, the amino-CNT/PAN composite fibers with diameter of about 10.5 μm exhibit higher mechanical properties than the control PAN precursor fibers with diameter of about 8.0 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the cyclization reaction in composite fibers have broad exothermic temperature range and low exothermic rate. These results indicate that the addition of amino-CNTs into PAN precursor fibers is beneficial to controlling the process of thermal stabilization and obtaining the higher performance of composite fibers.
Highlights
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), one-dimensional carbon allotrope used as filler, attracted many researchers owing to its remarkable structure and excellent properties [1,2,3,4], which were considered as an ideal reinforcement for the fabrication of CNT/polymer composites
These behaviors are in agreement with the previous reports that the polymer filled with CNTs have similar shear thinning at relatively low shear rates [38]
These results indicated that the amino-CNTs had good dispersion in the PAN concentrated solutions [39,40]
Summary
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), one-dimensional carbon allotrope used as filler, attracted many researchers owing to its remarkable structure and excellent properties [1,2,3,4], which were considered as an ideal reinforcement for the fabrication of CNT/polymer composites. Newcomb et al [20] obtained the PAN/CNT composite fibers by gel spun and regarded that the addition of CNTs into PAN matrix increased the crystallinity, crystal size and mechanical properties compared to the PAN fibers. We studied the effect of amino-functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (amino-CNTs) on the rheological behavior of PAN/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentrated solutions by in situ polymerization and the crystal structure of PAN precursor fibers by wet-spinning method. The mechanical properties were measured by monofilament tensile testing machine
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