Revival of wild edible-medicinal mushroom (Hericium erinaceus) based on organic agro-industrial waste- achieving a commercial protocol with the highest yield; optimum reuse of organic waste

Abstract

Hericium erinaceus (Bull.: Fr.) pers mushroom is belonging to the Class Agaricomycetes and family Hericiaceae that has been used as medicinal interests in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine in Eastern Asia for hundreds of years. It is grown on a substrate based on hardwood sawdust and agricultural or industrial wastes supplemented with various additives. In the present experiment, the mycelial growth rate of Hericium erinaceus investigated in the eight media including the malt extract agar (MEA), Quercus infectoria (Oak) sawdust extract agar (OEA), Carpinus betulus (Hornbeam) sawdust extract agar (HEA), wheat straw extract agar (WEA), buttom mushroom compost extract agar (CEA), Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Lam.) sawdust extract agar (CWEA), Ulmus americana (Elm) sawdust extract agar (EEA), bagasse extract agar (BEA). Results showed the highest rate in CWEA and CEA media cultures and the lowest growth rate in the BEA media culture with 5.13, 4.83, and 1.73 mm/day, respectively. In this present study, has been used of compounds including wheat straw, sawdust, bagasse, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean powder, and corn flour. Among the 19 substrates for the cultivation of H. erinaceus, the best substrate found composition 17 (wheat straw 30 % + sawdust 30% + wheat bran 15% + bagasse 15% + corn flour 10%) for SRP, PHFP, FHP, TCP, Y and BE with values of 25, 29, 34.33, 44 days, 244.19 g/bag and 69.77%, respectively. Also, the maximum values of protein, dietary fiber, carbohydrate, fat, and energy were recorded with values of 19.33, 30, 35.33, and 1.23 g/100 g DW and 289.6 kcal/100 g DW, respectively.