Revisão integrativa para substituição do soro fetal bovino por plasma humano rico em plaquetas para cultivo e expansão ex vivo de células humanas destinadas às terapias avançadas

Abstract

Introduction: The advancement of clinical trials and cell therapy require the replacement of fetal bovine serum by a product of human origin, capable of sustaining an expansion of human cells for research and cell therapy. Objective: This integrative review had as main objective to evaluate different alternatives of cell culture supplementation free of animal products, called xeno-free cell cultures. Method: Fifty selected articles from PubMed published up to January 2018 in English or Portuguese were evaluated. Results: Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is considered to be a good alternative for supplementation of the cell culture media. PRP is obtained from blood, and has a rich content released by activated platelets, capable of stimulating proliferation and differentiation of several cell types, both fully differentiated and the progenitor ones. Use of PRP in “xeno-free” cell culture systems has apparently no risk of genetic alterations of the cells, nor their contamination with pathogens. Advantages of its use include: 1) the possibility of using autologous serum; 2) reducing the risk of contamination; 3) easy preparation and 4)low cost of production. Conclusions: The use of discarded platelet concentrate in hemotherapy centers is a good alternative for the production of PRP, which will be used systematically in the culture of human cells. The challenge is to standardize this production process, in order to grant the quality of the product to be used in advanced therapies.