Revisiting the traditional house in the central area of Sumatra: the case of Dharmasraya in West Sumatra and Batang Kuantan in Riau

Abstract

Minangkabau has connection to the founding of the Malayapura Kingdom in Pariangan-Saruaso by Datuk Ketumanggungan (Akarendrawan) and Datuk Parpatih Nan Sabatang (Adityawarman). This kingdom existed after the victory of buffalo fights from the Majapahit Kingdom and the dimming of the Dharmasraya Kingdom (Koto Alang Kingdom) after the attack of Kandis Kingdom. The Dharmasraya was in the region between Hulu-Batanghari (Padang Roco and Sungai Dareh) and Batang Kuantan (Lubuk Jambi - Taluk Kuantan) and eventually became the subordinate kingdom of the Malayapura and subsequently under the Pagaruyung Sultanate as the subordinate territory (Rantau or Hilir or Downstream) of Luhak Tanah Datar (Darek or Hulu or Upstream); one of the central of Luhak Nan Tigo. The relationship between the regions in history and myths may indicate cultural relations, especially in their traditional houses. How are the architectural characteristics of the Rumah Gadang in Dharmasraya and Rumah Godang in Batang Kuantan? This research method is qualitative, by conducting a literature review, field study, to be analyzed architecturally to get a clear conclusion. The results showed the architectural similiarities and linkage between Rumah Gadang in the area of Dharmasraya and Rumah Godang in Batang Kuantan area, especially in their spatial systems and shape-form systems.