Abstract
Simple SummaryStress Granules (SGs) were discovered in 1999 and while the first decade of research has focused on some fundamental questions, the field is now investigating their role in human pathogenesis. Since then, evidences of a link between SGs and cancerology are accumulating in vitro and in vivo. In this work we summarized the role of SGs proteins in cancer development and their prognostic values. We find that level of expression of protein involved in SGs formation (and not mRNA level) could serve a prognostic marker in cancer. With this review we strongly suggest that SGs (proteins) could be targets of choice to block cancer development and counteract resistance to improve patients care.Cancer treatments are constantly evolving with new approaches to improve patient outcomes. Despite progresses, too many patients remain refractory to treatment due to either the development of resistance to therapeutic drugs and/or metastasis occurrence. Growing evidence suggests that these two barriers are due to transient survival mechanisms that are similar to those observed during stress response. We review the literature and current available open databases to study the potential role of stress response and, most particularly, the involvement of Stress Granules (proteins) in cancer. We propose that Stress Granule proteins may have prognostic value for patients.
Highlights
CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Genome Science Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
We looked at two robust regulators of Stress Granules (SGs) aggregation: the formation enhancer
This phenomenon could insure an efficient level of the proteins that are involved in SGs function
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In case of metastatic disease, the aim of systemic treatment is to achieve clinical remissions as durable as possible, which remains a palliative situation for most of solid cancers In both situations, if the therapy does not eliminate all malignant cells, residual cancer cells may acquire migratory properties and develop drug resistance mechanisms, further contributing to difficult-to-treat metastasis [1]. Cancer cells face a diverse set of stress conditions during oncogenesis, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and even anti-cancer drugs They have all been reported to induce the formation of SGs in vitro [4,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. We will discuss the involvement and contribution of cellular stress responses to cancer evolution
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