Abstract
Hookworm infection is a major tropical parasitic disease affecting almost 500 million people worldwide. These soil-transmitted helminths can survive for many years in the intestine of the host, where they feed on blood, causing iron deficiency anemia and other complications. These parasites release a variety of molecules known as excretory/secretory products (ESPs) that are involved in many different biological processes that govern parasite survival. Using a combination of separation techniques such as SDS-PAGE and OFFGEL electrophoresis, in combination with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry we have reanalyzed the dog hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, ESPs (AcESP). We identified 315 proteins present in the AcESP, compared with just 105 identified in previous studies. The most highly represented family of proteins is the SCP/TAPs (110 of the 315 proteins), and the most abundant constituents of AcESP are homologues of the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP) family. Interestingly, we identified new homologs of well-known vaccine candidates and immunomodulatory proteins. This study provides novel information about the proteins secreted by A. caninum, and constitutes a comprehensive dataset to study the proteins involved in host-hookworm interactions.
Highlights
Hookworm infection is a major tropical parasitic disease affecting almost 500 million people worldwide
In parasites, it has been previously suggested that tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP)-like proteins might not be functioning as matrix metalloproteases (MMP) ihibitors [16]
Anti-Inflammatory Protein-2 (AIP-2) has extensive homology with other TIMPs found in AcES, including the highly abundant ANCCAN_26655 and ANCCAN_24968, suggesting that these two proteins could have similar immunomodulatory properties
Summary
Hookworm infection is a major tropical parasitic disease affecting almost 500 million people worldwide. A total of 237 and 289 proteins were identified with 2 or more peptides and FDR
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