Re-Visiting Polymorphous Ideology: Populism of the Left and Right

Abstract

In this article I aim to re-visit the contested concept of populism. I urge scholars to approach the study of this polymorphous ideology known as ‘Populism’ with an open mind. Today, it is no longer necessary to strictly separate the ideological characteristics of populism from its particularistic discursive and strategic elements. I propose that the populism of the left and the right share similarities that could possibly outweigh their differences. I first outline a set of misconceptions that have prevented us from realising that populism does in fact hold a redemptive side to it which can ultimately be positive to contemporary democracy. Second, I discuss the three main modern approaches to populism (ideational, socio-cultural, political-strategic) and provide a brief but useful critique of all of them. Third, I present my very own ‘fresh’ approach to the topic and provide an in-depth definition of populism in order to give “right-wing” and “left-wing” populism a better and fairer hearing, especially in an era where the discontents of world populations towards political elites are increasing. Finally, I share some thoughts on what the future direction of the study of such an intricate marvel like populism should entail, also addressing the question of whether in times likes these the left-right divide is still relevant.