Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of globalization on environmental performance by employing panel data for 148 countries from 2001 to 2018, via the indicator of Environmental Performance Index to capture the overall environmental quality and KOF index to measure the multi dimensions of globalization. The empirical results suggest that globalization is critical to environmental performance, which is reliable while we conduct several robustness tests. Furthermore, if globalization increases, it would be beneficial for the environmental performance; moreover, among specific dimensions of globalization, economic globalization, social globalization and political globalization would bring about better environmental performance. Besides, the improvement of globalization, social globalization and political globalization would bring about better environmental performance, while that of economic globalization cannot change the overall environmental performance. Our study offers more insight into the relationship between globalization and environmental performance.
Highlights
Environmental pollution is one of the biggest economic and social challenges that humanity faces in the foreseeable future
The main descriptions of Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the KOF index are listed in Table 1; we provide the information about three issue categories, economic globalization (Global_economic), social globalization (Global_social) and political globalization (Global_political), which would be utilized to carry out robustness tests
The main reason for this phenomenon is that higher globalization usually brings about the technology effect and general concerns about environmental protection, which eventually result in a better environmental performance (Copeland and Taylor, 2013) [5]
Summary
Environmental pollution is one of the biggest economic and social challenges that humanity faces in the foreseeable future. Globalization is a critical factor in environmental performance since the scale effect, composition effect and technology effect brought by it would change the economic activities, energy efficiency and technologies (Copeland and Taylor, 2013) [5]. Following this idea, some scholars tried to investigate the impact of globalization on the environment; there are still some areas that needed to be further investigated and the results are inconclusive (Zafar et al, 2019 [6]; Bilgili et al, 2020 [7]). Some scholars stated that the impact of globalization on ijerph182111419
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