Abstract
Palaearctic species of Periclistus Förster has been systematically described, but a new inquiline gall-wasp, Periclistus qinghainensis sp. n., is described from China. This species was obtained from an unknown stem gall induced on Rosa sp. Diagnosis, distribution and biology of the new species are described in this paper. After examining the types of Periclistus idoneus Belizin, 1973 and Periclistus capillatus Belizin, 1968, it is concluded that Periclistus idoneus belongs to genus Aulacidea, and Periclistus capillatus is a valid species of Periclistus. A key to the Palaearctic Periclistus species is also given.
Highlights
Synergini is an important tribe of the family Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) with a worldwide distribution
Six genera are inquilines of cynipid galls on Fagaceae (Agastoroxenia Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero, 2010, Ceroptres Hartig, 1840, Saphonecrus Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910, Synergus Hartig, 1840, Synophrus Hartig, 1843 and Ufo Melika & Pujade-Villar, 2005); species of Synophromorpha (Ashmead, 1903) are found in Diastrophus galls on Rubus (Rosaceae); Rhoophilus inquilines are found in lepidopteran galls induced by a Scyrotis moth on species of Rhus (Anacardiaceae); and inquilines of Periclistus Förster are associated with cynipid galls on roses (Diplolepidini)
Periclistus includes 12 species in the Holarctic region, seven species known from America to the north of Mexico (P. arefactus McCracken & Egbert; P. californicus Ashmead; P. obliquus Provancher; P. piceus Fullaway; P. pirata (Osten Sacken); P. semipiceus (Harris); and P. smilacis (Ashmead) (Burk 1979; Ritchie and Shorthouse 1987); two (Fig. 3) from the western Palaearctic (P. brandtii (Ratzeburg) and P. caninae (Hartig)); and three (Fig. 3) from the eastern Palaearctic: P. capillatus Belizin from Russian Far East, P. natalis Taketani & Yasumatsu and P. quinlani Taketani & Yasumatsu from Japan (Belizin 1973; Taketani and Yasumatsu 1973)
Summary
Synergini is an important tribe of the family Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) with a worldwide distribution. They are biologically characterized for being inquilines: they have lost the ability to induce galls, they are still able to directly modify the gall tissue that surrounds them, inducing the characteristic nutritive tissue usually found in the larval chambers of the gall-inducers (Melika 2006). All inquilines are wholly phytophagous, some of them being lethal if they compete with the inducer for the food in the same larval chamber. This lifestyle represents a unilateral relationship only beneficial for the inquiline (Askew 1984). Six genera are inquilines of cynipid galls on Fagaceae (Agastoroxenia Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero, 2010, Ceroptres Hartig, 1840, Saphonecrus Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910, Synergus Hartig, 1840, Synophrus Hartig, 1843 and Ufo Melika & Pujade-Villar, 2005); species of Synophromorpha (Ashmead, 1903) are found in Diastrophus galls on Rubus (Rosaceae); Rhoophilus inquilines are found in lepidopteran galls induced by a Scyrotis moth (cecidosid) on species of Rhus (Anacardiaceae); and inquilines of Periclistus Förster are associated with cynipid galls on roses (Diplolepidini)
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