Abstract
The ophidiid genusGlyptophidium is revised on the basis of 280 specimens. The seven recognized species fall into two well-defined species-groups: I.argenteum species-group withargenteum Alcock, 1889,effulgens sp. nov. andlucidum Smith et Radcliffe, 1913 is characterized i.a. by having 1 ray in each ventral fin, 1 median basibranchial tooth patch, 11 precaudal vertebrae, origin of dorsal fin above vertebrae nos. 3–4. II.macropus species-group withmacropus Alcock, 1894 (lectotype selected),longipes Norman, 1939,oceanium Smith et Radcliffe, 1913 andjaponicum Kamohara, 1936 (re-established and neotype described) is characterized i.a. by having 2 rays in each ventral fin, 2 median basibranchial tooth patches, 12–13 precaudal vertebrae, origin of dorsal fin above vertebra no. 1 or in front.
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