Abstract
Revised definitions are given for the genus Mysidium Dana, 1852, and its eight previously known species, based on material from Curaçao, Bonaire and SE-Brazil, along with the evaluation of published data. Type material of Diamysis columbiae Zimmer, 1915, M. cubanense Băcescu & Ortiz, 1984 and M. rubroculatum Băcescu & Ortiz, 1984 is examined. A lectotype is designated for D. columbiae Zimmer, 1915, a senior synonym of Mysidium columbiae (Zimmer, 1915). Two new species are described, M. triangulare Wittmann sp. nov. from Curaçao and M. antillarum Wittmann sp. nov. from Curaçao and Bonaire. Known ranges are extended by first records of M. cubanense from Curaçao and Bonaire and of M. integrum W.M. Tattersall, 1951 from SE Brazil. Three morphologically different groups are established at the subgeneric level: (1) the nominotypical subgenus Mysidium Dana, 1852 with M. gracile (Dana, 1852), M. integrum, M. cubanense, M. rubroculatum and M. triangulare sp. nov. from the West Atlantic plus M. rickettsi Harrison & Bowman, 1987 from the East Pacific; (2) Occimysidium Wittmann subgen. nov. represented only by M. pumae Ortiz, Hendrickx & Winfield, 2017 from the Pacific coast of Mexico; and finally (3) Orientomysidium Wittmann subgen. nov. comprising M. columbiae and M. antillarum sp. nov. from the West Atlantic. The poorly known M. iliffei Băcescu, 1991 is not assigned to any subgenus. A key to the resulting three subgenera and ten nominal species of the genus Mysidium is given.
Highlights
Tattersall 1951; Băcescu & Ortiz 1984; Băcescu 1991) and two additional species from the Pacific coast of Mexico (Harrison & Bowman 1987; Ortiz et al 2017a). The importance of this genus is underlined by the many studies on its physiology (Bainbridge & Waterman 1957, 1958; Waterman 1960; Buskey 2000), behaviour (Steven 1961; Jander 1962; McFarland & Kotchian 1982; Hahn & Itzkowitz 1986; Modlin 1987, 1990; Buskey 1998; Twining et al 2000), morphogenesis (Duman-Scheel & Patel 1999; DumanScheel et al 2002), marsupial development (Davis 1966; Whittington 2004), population dynamics (Goodbody 1965; Modlin 1993; Prieto et al 2009), trophic ecology (McFarland & Kotchian 1982; Ambler et al 1994; Bullard & Hay 2002), biodiversity (Price & Heard 2009), biogeography (EscobarBriones & Soto 1991) and taxonomy
Additional material was obtained upon request from museum collections: the Zoological Museum of Hamburg kindly provided the types of Diamysis columbiae Zimmer, 1915
Formal validity of the taxon Mysidium Dana, 1852 Dana (1850) fixed the name Mysidia without indication of gender; this taxon is today considered to be a junior homonym of the planthopper genus Mysidia Westwood, 1840
Summary
Species of the genus Mysidium Dana, 1852, constitute the most frequent shrimp-like, swarming crustaceans with an adult body size of 3–9 mm, inhabiting mangrove and shallow coral-reef habitats of the Gulf of European Journal of Taxonomy 495: 1–48 (2019)Mexico, Caribbean and elsewhere in near-shore marine habitats between Bermuda and Rio de Janeiro (Steven 1961; Goodbody 1965; Emery 1968; Modlin 1987, 1990, 1993). Tattersall 1951; Băcescu & Ortiz 1984; Băcescu 1991) and two additional species from the Pacific coast of Mexico (Harrison & Bowman 1987; Ortiz et al 2017a) The importance of this genus is underlined by the many studies on its physiology (Bainbridge & Waterman 1957, 1958; Waterman 1960; Buskey 2000), behaviour (Steven 1961; Jander 1962; McFarland & Kotchian 1982; Hahn & Itzkowitz 1986; Modlin 1987, 1990; Buskey 1998; Twining et al 2000), morphogenesis (Duman-Scheel & Patel 1999; DumanScheel et al 2002), marsupial development (Davis 1966; Whittington 2004), population dynamics (Goodbody 1965; Modlin 1993; Prieto et al 2009), trophic ecology (McFarland & Kotchian 1982; Ambler et al 1994; Bullard & Hay 2002), biodiversity (Price & Heard 2009), biogeography (EscobarBriones & Soto 1991) and taxonomy This led to the detection of new species together with the establishment of new subgenera
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