Abstract
The adult worms of the Microphallidae family are mainly found as intestinal parasites of birds and mammals, while metacercariae is most commonly found in decapodal crustaceans. The Microphallidaeare family is spread throughout the world. It includes approximately 47 genera. Mature worms usually enter the digestive system of vertebrates, especially birds and mammals. Microphallidae contain eight subfamilies: Androcotylinae - Basantisiinae - Endocotylinae - Gynaecotylinae - Levinseniellinae - MaritrematinaeMicrophallinae - Sphairiotrematinae. Therefore, due to the lack of studies on the Microphallidae family in Iraq, we began to develop a database on this important family.
Highlights
Microphallidae are found mainly in birds and mammals, the first intermediate host being gastropods and crustaceans as the second intermediate host [1].Small worms are found in the intestine of most species of vertebrates, especially birds that infected as a result of eating some species of crustaceans, adult worms are distinguished by these characteristics
Microphalloides japonicus from Helicetridens, Levinseniella spp. from Macrophthalmus japonicus, Gynaecotyla squatarolae, and Microphallus koreana from Macrophthalmus dilatatus have all been identified from crustacean hosts in South Korea [11]
The new species M. pichi n. sp. differs from congeners by the position of the acetabulum that is included within the vitellarium ring, the ovary is anterior to the acetabulum, and the testes are lateral to it [14]
Summary
Microphallidae are found mainly in birds and mammals, the first intermediate host being gastropods and crustaceans as the second intermediate host [1]. The life cycle of Plagiorchiida (Microphallidae) is occur inside of (sporocysts) the daughter, metacercariae: Metacercariae in mature daughter sporocysts be similar to adult worms that have not yet begun to lay eggs. They have almost fully developed somatic organs but not fully developed reproductive system. Infective metacercariae are remarkably variable in their body size and shape among hosts individuals This trematode species has a large genetic diversity, the sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the internal transcribed spacer region were used to study the genetic variability of trematodes (ITS-1) [6]. Corresponding author: Noor Hussein Yousif Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad Iraq
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