Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary significance that causes gastroenteritis in a number of vertebrate hosts. Several studies have recorded different degrees of pathogenicity and virulence among Cryptosporidium species and isolates of the same species as well as evidence of variation in host susceptibility to infection. Nevertheless, important progress has been made in determining Cryptosporidium's putative virulence factors. Since the publication of C parvum and C. Hominis this development has been accelerated genomes, identified by a range of immunological and molecular techniques with the characterization of over 25 putative virulence factors, which are proposed to be involved in aspects of host-pathogen interactions from adhesion and locomotion to invasion and proliferation. There has also been improvement in the contribution of host variables correlated with differences in both the severity and risk of infection. In view of our current understanding of microbial virulence, we present a summary of the current state of information on Cryptosporidium infectivity, pathogenesis, and transmissibility here.
Highlights
IntroductionThe disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium, which was discovered in the gastric glands of mice by Edward Ernst Tyzzer in 1910, is Cryptosporidiosis
In view of our current understanding of microbial virulence, we present a summary of the current state of information on Cryptosporidium infectivity, pathogenesis, and transmissibility here
The disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium, which was discovered in the gastric glands of mice by Edward Ernst Tyzzer in 1910, is Cryptosporidiosis
Summary
The disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Cryptosporidium, which was discovered in the gastric glands of mice by Edward Ernst Tyzzer in 1910, is Cryptosporidiosis. Tyzzer found that within the oocysts, this parasite did not produce sporocysts and it sporulates while still attached to the host wall. For this reason, from the Greek kruptos meaning 'secret', Tyzzer called the genus Cryptosporidium, and the parasite that he identified in the gastric glands, Cryptosporidium muris. Compared C, muris oocysts (6-8 μm) with second species developed oocysts that were smaller in size (4-5 μm). This species was called Cryptosporidium parvum by Tyzzer (parvum comes from the Latin for little). Corresponding author: Zainab A Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad Iraq
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