Abstract
The last synthetic treatment of the Arachnothryx genus was published by D. Lorence in the Flora Mesoamericana (Vol. 4, part 2, 2012) based on a polyphyletic concept including several genera of different tribes and leaving the results of the molecular studies out of consideration. The analytic key offered by the author is based firstly on the highly complex and varied indumentum, and not on the more stable structural elements of the species, therefore the determination of the different species and species-groups is problematic. The present treatment is based on the original strictly monophyletic concept of Planchon (1849) pointed out and detailed by Steyermark, including into the study all (103) the valid species existing in México, Mesoamerica and South America. The new analytic key comprises all the existing Mexican and Mesoamerican species (81).
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