Reviewing the development of floating LNG facilities and their global impact

Abstract

This Review encapsulates a comprehensive review of the development and global impact of Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) facilities. These innovative structures have revolutionized the liquefied natural gas industry by enabling offshore gas extraction, liquefaction, and storage. The study explores the evolution, challenges, and transformative influence of FLNG facilities on the global energy sector. The review begins with an examination of the historical development of FLNG technology, tracing its roots to the early 21st century. It showcases how these floating facilities have evolved from conceptual designs to operational structures, emphasizing key technological advancements that have propelled their growth. The global impact of FLNG facilities is analyzed through multiple lenses. Economic considerations, such as cost-effectiveness and accessibility to remote gas reserves, emerge as significant drivers for their adoption. The study also delves into the environmental implications, assessing the potential benefits and challenges associated with offshore liquefaction. Challenges inherent in FLNG development, including engineering complexities and regulatory considerations, are addressed. The study sheds light on how these challenges have been navigated, leading to successful deployment and operation of FLNG facilities in various regions. The transformative influence of FLNG facilities on global energy dynamics is highlighted, with a focus on their role in unlocking stranded gas reserves and facilitating timely responses to shifting market demands. The review emphasizes their adaptability to different geographic and economic contexts, showcasing their versatility as a pivotal component of the liquefied natural gas supply chain. In conclusion, this review offers a panoramic perspective on the development of FLNG facilities and their profound impact on the global energy landscape. By bridging technological innovation, economic viability, and environmental considerations, these floating facilities emerge as key contributors to the evolving dynamics of the liquefied natural gas industry, shaping a resilient and adaptive future for the energy sector.